Free PMP practice exam questions based on PMBOK 6th edition: Test includes questions from all PMBOK knowledge areas, including the five basic project management process groups.
Total Questions: 50 Time Allowed: 1 Hour
Try to Achieve: 40 (80 %) To Be Best Achiever in PMP Examination at One Go
(In real PMP Exam, 200
questions will be asked- Duration: 4 Hours)
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Best of Luck *********************
Test Questions
1. During the development of the project stakeholder engagement plan,
a project manager is usually dependent on the voice of the project stakeholders
to obtain expert opinion. Which of the following is an important tool available
to the project manager for gathering and organizing stakeholders’ information?
A. Fishbone diagrams
B. Control charts
C. Histograms
D. Focus groups
2. During which of the following project processes do key stakeholders
engage with the project for the first time?
A. Develop Project Charter
B. Identify Stakeholders
C. Collect Requirements
D. Plan Stakeholder Engagement
3. Which of the following components of a project scope statement is
useful in reducing scope creep?
A. Acceptance criteria
B. Deliverables
C. Scope description
D. Exclusions
4. As you create the Activity List, which technique is recommended for
subdividing the project into smaller components called activities?
A. Decomposition
B. Rolling Wave Planning
C. Expert Judgment
D. Deconstruction
5. During the development of the project stakeholder engagement plan,
the project manager is usually dependent on the expert judgment of senior stakeholders
to identify and plan effective stakeholder management strategies. Which of the
following stakeholders cannot guide the project manager in developing effective
strategies for internal stakeholders?
A. Sponsor
B. Identified key stakeholders
C. Customers
D. Project team members
6. Change control tool selection should be based on the needs of the
project stakeholders, including organizational and environmental considerations
and/or constraints. Which of the following is not a key change management
consideration while selecting an appropriate change control tool for a project?
A. Identifying and selecting a change item
B. Configuration item verification and audit
C. Documenting the change into a proper change request
D. Tracking change requests
7. In general, Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis is:
A. Not often completed
B. Complete and 100 percent accurate
C. In-depth and thorough
D. focused on high-priority risks
8. As a project manager, you perform various project performance
measurements to
assess the magnitude of variation. You then attempt to
determine the cause
and decide whether corrective action is necessary.
This is:
A. Scope Analysis
B. Variance Analysis
C. Performance Reporting
D. Configuration Management
9. Two efficiency indicators that reflect the cost and schedule
performance of
a project are:
A. Cost Projection Index (CPI) and Schedule Projection Index (SPI)
B. Cost Performance Index (CPI) and Schedule Performance Index (SPI)
C. Actual Cost (AC) and Planned Value (PV)
D. Cost Pricing Index (CPI) and Schedule Performance Index (SPI)
10. In projects with adaptive life cycles, many of the project
management processes are repeated in each iteration of the project except:
A. Develop Project Charter
B. Collect Requirements
C. Define Scope
D. Create WBS
11. Few project managers collect lessons-learned information throughout
the project’s life. Most tackle this in the final days of the project or,
worse, after the project is complete. What is the negative consequence of this approach?
A. It makes compiling and obtaining project information difficult.
B. It might result in further expenses on the project.
C. The project’s NPV becomes zero.
D. It requires hiring a specialist to do the job.
12. After brainstorming potential project risks, what is the
recommended method for prioritizing these risks and their mitigation plans?
A. RACI chart
B. Control chart
C. Fishbone diagram
D. Probability and impact matrix
13. If you are managing changes to the project's cost baseline, which
process are you using?
A. Negotiate Costs
B. Estimate Costs
C. Control Costs
D. Determine Budget
14. During the Control Procurements process, a number of documents
might get updated due to various reasons. Which of the following components of
the project management plan is least likely to get updated during this process?
A. Quality management plan
B. Procurement management plan
C. Schedule baseline
D. Cost baseline
15. In order to facilitate project configuration and change management
on complex projects, a project manager relies on configuration and change management
tools. Such tools:
A. Can be manual or automatic; the selection depends on the project’s environment
and requirements.
B. Must be manual; a complex project requires all change requests to
be manually signed.
C. Must be automatic; a complex project requires complex change
control procedures.
D. Change control must be manual, but the configuration control may be
automatic.
16. On-demand scheduling is one of the techniques used in agile
projects.
This type of
scheduling relies on:
A. A schedule that was developed previously for the development of the
project increments.
B. Discretionary dependencies that cannot be changed by the project
team.
C. Skills of the project manager rather than the skills of the team.
D. A backlog or intermediate queue of work to be done.
17. Midway through a project, a project manager determined the project
was running far behind schedule. If the project manager needs to shorten the project
schedule without changing the project scope, which of the following schedule
compression techniques could he use?
A. Crashing
B. Reserve Analysis
C. Forecasting
D. Last Tracking
18. At the end of a project, what will your schedule variance be equal
to?
A. Zero
B. Equal to the total PV
C. One
D. Equal to the total EV
19. How does time-boxing help minimize scope creep in agile projects?
A. It forces the team to create project WBS using the user stories.
B. It forces the sponsor to allocate a Scrum master who helps in
eliminating
scope creep.
C. It forces the team to process essential features first, then other
features.
D. It forces the team to convert the user stories into epics.
20. A good project manager knows the value of effective stakeholder management.
What is the ultimate goal of effective stakeholder management?
A. Stakeholder engagement
B. Project success
C. Stakeholder satisfaction
D. Meeting project objectives
21. If a project manager believes that a subcontract needs to be terminated,
which of the following can provide guidance on the contract termination
procedure?
A. The contract termination procedures in the organizational process
assets
B. The termination clause of the specific subcontract
C. The change control procedures in the project management plan
D. The contract termination procedures in the project procurements management
plan
22. Which of these types of precedence relationships is least commonly
used in the Precedence Diagramming Method?
A. Start to Start
B. Finish to Finish
C. Finish to Start
D. Start to Finish
23. A RACI chart is an example of a _________________.
A. Network
B. Flowchart
C. Responsibility assignment matrix
D. Hierarchical-type organization chart
24. If the project's current total earned value (EV) is $100,000 and
the actual amount spent (AC) is $95,000, what is the cost variance of the
project?
A. The cost variance is $1.05
B. The cost variance is $5,000
C. The cost variance is $0.95
D. The cost variance is $-5,000
25. A contractor is currently constructing a new building for your organization
on a cost-plus-incentive contract. You just received the project status report
from the contractor’s project manager. According to the report, the project’s
CPI is 1.5. You are shocked because you believe the project costs are out of
control. Upon investigation, you learn the $1 million advance payment (20
percent of the estimated project cost) given to the contractor at the start of
the project was included in the project’s earned value. Further, the cost of
the inventory at the project site was excluded from the total actual costs.
According to the contract, your company reimburses only the costs for the
completed deliverables and not for the supplies in the project’s inventory. In
this scenario, the reported project’s CPI is incorrect because:
A. Actual cost is understated.
B. Earned value is overstated, and actual cost is understated.
C. Earned value is overstated.
D. Both the earned value and the actual cost are overstated.
26. The objective of a transformation project is to move an organization
from one state to another state. The desired result of the change driven by the
project is described as the:
A. Good state
B. Future state
C. Happy state
D. Transition state
27. The term Progressive Elaboration incorrectly represents which of
the following?
A. Changes to project scope
B. Rolling wave planning
C. Detailing out the product requirements developed during the
initiation process.
D. Production of fabrication and construction drawings from the design
drawings for a chemical plant.
28. Which document describes the project's deliverables and the work required
to create those deliverables?
A. Project authorization document
B. Project scope statement
C. Project scope management plan
D. Project charter
29. During a presentation to management, you want to display the
project schedule with only the key deliverables displayed. What is the correct tool
for this purpose?
A. Project schedule network diagram
B. Critical path network
C. Milestone chart
D. Critical chain diagram
30. Henry is the project manager for a process improvement project.
Henry is a recently hired Six Sigma expert. David is the process owner of the process
Henry must optimize. During the project kick-start meeting with the project
sponsor, David said he supports all continuous improvement efforts. However,
David is unaware of the Six Sigma technique and feels threatened by the newly
hired expert, and as a result, is blocking Henry’s ideas. What is David’s
current engagement level with the project?
A. Unaware
B. Supportive
C. Resistant
D. Neutral
31. A project manager scheduled a review at the end of a phase, with
the objective of obtaining authorization to close the current project phase and
initiate the next phase. Which of the following is an incorrect way of describing
this review?
A. Phase gate
B. Phase planning
C. Kill point
D. Stage gate
32. Which of the following tools and techniques is useful to process
work performance data to identify sources of project defects during the Control
Quality process?
A. Data analysis
B. Salience model
C. Schedule model
D. Communication model
33. The Requirements Traceability Matrix helps in tracing all the
following except:
A. Requirements to project objectives
B. Requirements to project scope
C. Requirements to test strategy
D. Requirements to project risk
34. Which of the following should you not use as an input into creating
the WBS structure?
A. Bill of Material (BOM)
B. Project scope statement
C. Organizational process assets
D. Requirements documentation
35. Which of the following processes are usually performed once or at predefined
points in the project:
A. “Develop Project Charter” and “Close Project or Phase”
B. “Develop Project Charter” and “Develop Project Management Plan”
C. “Develop Project Management Plan” and “Direct and Manage Project Work”
D. “Direct and Manage Project Work” and “Monitor and Control Project Work”
36. Where would you find a detailed list and description of specific
project assumptions associated with the project?
A. Project charter
B. Project scope statement
C. Project configuration document
D. Change management plan
37. A number of teams are developing an enterprise system using the
agile approach for product development. Which of the following is a major risk
item for such a complex project being performed in an agile environment?
A. Number of interconnected dependencies between the features
developed
by different teams.
B. Number and size of teams developing the larger features.
C. Scope definition and freezing early during the planning phase.
D. Emphasis on schedule control over risk management.
38. Which of these is not a data analysis technique used during
quantitative risk analysis?
A. Tornado diagram
B. Decision tree
C. RACI chart
D. Influence diagrams
39. Which of the following is a tool or technique of the Develop Team process?
A. Organizational charts
B. Co-location
C. Acquisition
D. Influence diagrams
40. A hierarchical structure of project resources organized by category
and resource type, used in planning, managing and controlling project work, is:
A. Team structure
B. Resource Pool
C. Organization Breakdown Structure
D. Resource Breakdown Structure
41. If you are creating a new WBS for your project, what should you do
to save time during the creation process?
A. Delegate the WBS creation since it is not an important process.
B. Skip the WBS process.
C. Use a previous WBS from a similar project as a template.
D. Create a less detailed WBS.
42. Which of these precedence relationships is most commonly used in
the Precedence Diagramming Method?
A. Finish-to-Start
B. Start-to-Finish
C. Start-to-Start
D. Finish-to-Finish
43. The output of the Validate Scope process is accepted deliverables
that are formally signed off by the stakeholders. The stakeholders, on some projects,
can get involved with the project as early as:
A. During the project initiation
B. During the project planning
C. During the project execution
D. During the project monitoring & controlling
44. An effective quality audit should be:
A. Structured and independent
B. Informal and independent
C. Informal and internal
D. Structured and internal
45. What is the traditional way to display a reporting structure among
project team members?
A. Text-oriented role description
B. Flowchart
C. Project organization charts
D. Matrix-based responsibility chart
46. As an external vendor, you are managing a complex software project
on a time-and-materials (T&M) contract. One of your team members reports a
breakthrough in automating some of the testing activities. This may result in
cost savings to the project and completion of the project one month ahead of
schedule. Which of the following actions would you take?
A. This is confidential information within your project team and there
is no need to share with the customer. The savings will be additional profits
on the project.
B. Communicate the current status and inform the customer you will incorporate
some additional features to use up the savings in cost and time since it was
budgeted.
C. Communicate the current status to the customer and indicate the
potential changes to cost and schedule.
D. Communicate the savings in cost and time to the customer. At the
end of the project, notify your billing department that they need to prepare an
invoice for 50 percent of the cost saved.
47. A company manages SBG contracting bids for government tenders and all
successful bids as a separate project. The structure of the company is mainly
projectized for a dedicated project team to manage each project. However, to
realize economies of scale, there are some central departments that serve all
projects. Which of the following role is most likely to be working in a central
department instead of directly working with a project team?
A. Quality control inspector
B. Construction manager
C. Project planner
D. Procurement administrator
48. The Control Procurements process receives a very important input from
the Direct and Manage Project Work process. Which one is it?
A. Approved change requests
B. Work performance data
C. Procurement documents
D. Agreements
49. Julia is currently recruiting her project team. She has carried out
various interviews and has shortlisted potential candidates. Now, according to the
project communication management plan, she has to submit the shortlisted
profiles to the project client (customer) for approval. Only then, can she
formally hire the approved candidates for the project. The submission of the
profiles to the client will go through which of the following processes?
A. Manage Stakeholder Engagement
B. Acquire Resources
C. Manage Communications
D. Plan Resource Management
50. Mark is in the middle of a software development project. So far,
the project has incurred a total cost of $50,000. If it is determined the project
is no longer required, what would we call the cost incurred to date?
A. Opportunity cost
B. Return on investment
C. Breakeven cost
D. Sunk cost
Answer Key and Explanations
Answer-1. D -Explanation - Fishbone diagrams, control charts and histograms are quality management
tools. The question is asking for a tool that helps the project
manager collect
stakeholder information and focus group is one of the effective tools available
to the project manager.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition, Page
511, Project Stakeholder Management
Answer-2. A -Explanation - Project stakeholders are involved in each of the project
management processes. The Develop Project Charter is the first project management
process where the key project stakeholders get engaged for the first time. Stakeholders
provide expert judgment and participate in facilitated
sessions during the
charter development.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 80, Project Integration Management
Answer-3. D -Explanation - Project exclusions identifies what is excluded from the project.
Explicitly stating what is out of scope for the project helps manage
stakeholders’
expectation and can reduce scope creep. Other choices cannot help more in this
regard.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 154, Project Framework
Answer-4. A -Explanation - The decomposition technique allows the project manager to create
smaller and more manageable pieces of work from the larger work
packages.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 185, Project Schedule Management
Answer-5. C -Explanation - Only internal stakeholders can provide expert judgment on
effective management strategies for internal stakeholders. Project customers are
important stakeholders but usually they lack the knowledge on internal stakeholders,
and hence cannot provide accurate feedback.
Reference: PMBOK 6th
edition, Page 550, Project Stakeholder Management
Answer-6. B -Explanation - Configuration item verification and audit is related to
configuration management instead of change management.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Pages 118, 119, Project Integration Management
Answer-7. D -Explanation - Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis is quicker than Perform Quantitative
Risk Analysis as it focuses on high-priority risks.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 419, Project Risk Management
Answer-8. B -Explanation - This is known as Variance Analysis. As project manager, you
would then attempt to determine the cause of the variance relative to the scope
baseline, and then decide whether corrective action is required.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 111, Project Scope Management
Answer-9. B -Explanation - The Cost Performance Index (CPI) and the Schedule Performance Index
(SPI) are two efficiency indicators that reflect the cost and schedule performance
of the project.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition, Page 263, Project Cost Management
Answer-10. A -Explanation - In projects with adaptive life cycles, many of the project management
processes are repeated in each iteration of the project
except the Develop
Project Charter process; which is typically performed only once at the start of
the project.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 131, Project Stakeholder Management
Answer-11. A -Explanation - When lessons-learned gathering and documentation is postponed
till the very end, the project manager must scramble for bits and pieces of project
history to compile into a lessons-learned document. Often, because the project
is in closeout, the project manager has only a few team members remaining,
which makes compiling and obtaining project information from the remaining few
resources difficult.
Reference: PMBOK 6th
edition, Pages 98, 100, Project Integration Management
Answer-12. D -Explanation - A probability and impact matrix will help filter the high-risk
items and high-impact items from the others, so that you can focus your
attention on these
riskier items.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 425, Project Risk Management
Answer-13. C -Explanation - Control Costs is the process of managing the project's costs and
the changes that threaten the bottom line.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 257, Project Cost Management
Answer-14. A -Explanation - The procurement management plan, schedule baseline, and the cost
baseline typically gets updated as result of a significant change in procurement
contracts or strategy. However, the quality management plan is least likely to
get updated during this process since quality requirements always need to be
met by all contractors. The contractors can be allowed more money or time to
complete the works but cannot be allowed to compromise the quality of the works.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition, Page
500, Project Procurement Management
Answer-15. A -Explanation - In order to facilitate configuration and change management,
manual or automated tools may be used. Tool selection should be based on the needs
of the project.
Reference:
PMBOK 6th edition, Page 118, Project Stakeholder Management
Answer-16. D -Explanation - On-demand scheduling does not rely on a schedule that was developed
previously for the development of the product or product increments, but rather
pulls work from a backlog or intermediate queue of work to be done immediately
as resources become available.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 177, Project Resource Management
Answer-17. A -Explanation - Crashing is a technique that can be applied to compress the
project schedule without changing the project scope. Another option is fast tracking.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 215, Project Schedule Management
Answer-18. A -Explanation - The schedule variance is the earned value minus the planned
value. At the end of the project, all of the planned values should be earned,
and the difference should be zero.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 262, Project Cost Management
Answer-19. C -Explanation - Time-boxed periods are durations during which the team works steadily
toward completion of a goal. Time-boxing helps to minimize
scope creep as it
forces the teams to process essential features first, then other features when
time permits.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 182, Project Risk Management
Answer-20. B -Explanation - All of the statements are correct. However, the question is
asking for the ultimate goal which is the project’s success. Stakeholder
management is all
about engaging stakeholders to meet their expectations and achieving
stakeholder satisfaction. This is one of the key project objectives required to
be achieved in order to deliver a successful project.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 504, Project Stakeholder Management
Answer-21. B -Explanation - Each contract is unique and so are its obligations, provisions
and clauses. Any contract that need to be terminated must be terminated in accordance
with the termination clause of that contract. These contract termination
provisions are agreed and signed off by both parties at the time of the
contract award.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 489, Project Procurement Management
Answer-22. D -Explanation - Start to Finish relationships indicate that the next task cannot
be completed until the one preceding it has started. This type is not
commonly used.
Reference:
PMBOK 6th edition, Page 190, Project Schedule Management
Answer-23. C -Explanation - A RACI chart outlines in matrix form, the project tasks and for
each task, who is responsible, who is accountable, whom to consult, and
whom to inform.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 317, Project Resource Management
Answer-24. B -Explanation - The cost variance (CV) equals EV - AC. In this case, the CV = $5,000.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 267, Project Cost Management
Answer-25. C -Explanation - In this scenario the earned value has been overstated while the reported
actual cost is ok. Earned value should be the sum of PVs of all completed
activities. The initial 20% advance should not be part of this.
Further, since the
buyer is not liable for the inventory cost and only reimburses the costs associated
with completed deliverables, the cost of the inventory does not become part of
the actual cost until that inventory is consumed during the construction
process. The inventory is an asset for the contactor until it is consumed on
the project and at that time it becomes a cost for the project.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 267, Project Communications Management
Answer-26. B -Explanation - Before the project begins, the organization is commonly referred
to as being in the current state. The desired result of the change derived by the
project is described as the future state.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 6, Project Quality Management
Answer-27. A -Explanation - The distinction between progressive elaboration and scope creep needs
to be understood since the two terms are different. The changes to scope
(especially in an uncontrolled manner) are called scope creep. In
contrast,
progressive elaboration involves building on or elaborating the output of a
previous phase.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 185, Project Framework
Answer-28. B -Explanation - The project scope statement is the correct response. This
document describes the project's deliverables in detail and the work that is
required to create those deliverables. It also forms the baseline for
evaluating
whether requests for
changes are within or outside the project's boundaries.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 154, Project Scope Management
Answer-29. C -Explanation - A milestone chart displays only the key deliverables and is
simple and easy to understand.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 218, Project Schedule Management
Answer-30. C -Explanation - Although David claims that he is supportive of all improvement initiatives,
his behavior is not coherent with his claim. Since David is
blocking Henry’s
idea, he is in effect, resistant of the project.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 521, Project Stakeholder Management
Answer-31. B -Explanation - Stage Gates, Phase Gates and Kill Points all refer to a phase
end review with the objective of obtaining authorization to close the current
phase and start the
next one. This is a retrospective review of the current phase. Phase planning,
on the other hand, is performed early during the planning phase of the project.
Reference:
PMBOK 6th edition, Page 21, Project Framework
Answer-32. A -Explanation - The question is asking for a tool and technique used during the Control
Quality process. Data Analysis is a tool and technique of the Control Quality
process used to identify source of defects.
Reference:
PMBOK 6th edition, Pages 303, Project Quality Management
Answer-33. D -Explanation - Requirements Traceability Matrix is an output of the Collect Requirements
process. It is used for tracing requirements to project scope, objectives, and
test strategy. Tracing requirements to project risk is not a valid use.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 149, Project Scope Management
Answer-34. A -Explanation - The Bill of Material (BOM) is not used as an input in the Create
WBS process. The other three are valid inputs.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition, Page
156, Project Scope Management
Answer-35. A -Explanation - The "Develop Project Charter" and the "Close Project
or Phase" process are used once or at predefined points in the project.
The other choices have at least one process that is either performed
continuously or periodically as needed.
Reference:
PMBOK 6th edition, Page 22, Project Integration Management
Answer-36. B -Explanation - The Project scope statement lists and describes the specific
project assumptions associated with project scope and the potential impact of those
assumptions if they prove to be false. The assumptions listed in the detailed
project scope statement are typically more numerous and detailed than the
project assumptions listed in the project charter.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 154, Project Scope Management
Answer-37. A -Explanation - In adaptive life cycles, when multiple teams are concurrently developing
a large number of features, the interconnected dependencies
between the features
become a major risk item.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition, Page
177, Project Communications Management
Answer-38. C -Explanation - RACI chart is not a data analysis technique used during
quantitative risk analysis. Rest of the choices are valid techniques for data
analysis.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Pages 434, 435, 436, Project Risk Management
Answer-39. B -Explanation - Colocation is a tool and technique of the Develop Team process.
The other choices are not valid responses.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 336, Project Resource Management
Answer-40. D -Explanation - The Resource Breakdown Structure (RBS) is a hierarchical
structure of team and physical resources related by category and resource type.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 316, Project Schedule Management
Answer-41. C -Explanation - Creating the WBS is a very important process, but often a
previous WBS can be used as a template to save time and avoid the risk of
forgetting something
important.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 157, Project Scope Management
Answer-42. A -Explanation - Finish-to-Start relationships indicate that the next task is not
able to start until the one preceding it is completed. This is the most
commonly used type of activity relationship.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 190, Project Schedule Management
Answer-43. A -Explanation - The stakeholders may get involved as early as project initiation
to provide inputs about required quality of deliverables so that Control Quality
can assess the performance and recommend necessary changes.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 131, Project Resource Management
Answer-44. A -Explanation - To provide the best results, a quality audit should be a
structured process performed by an independent entity.
Reference:
PMBOK 6th edition, Page 294, Project Quality Management]
Answer-45. C -Explanation - A hierarchical-type organization chart can clearly show roles
and reporting relationships within a team.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 319, Project Resource Management
Answer-46. C -Explanation - A project manager should always communicate an accurate
statement of the project status. There could be subsequent actions to determine
how the savings could be best put to use, whether there could be any cost
sharing, etc.—but
these would need to be done following the appropriate procedure. Reference: PMI Code of Ethics and
Professional Responsibility, Project Framework
Answer-47. D -Explanation - In order to realize economies of scope, many organizations treat
contract administration as an administrative function separate from the project
organization. This is usually true if the performing organization is
also the seller of
the project to an external customer.
Reference: PMBOK 6th
edition, Page 494, Project Procurement Management
Answer-48. B -Explanation - Work performance data is provided to the Control Procurements process
by the Direct and Manage Project Work process.
Reference: PMBOK 6th
edition, Page 493, Project
Procurement Management
Answer-49. C -Explanation - Manage Communications is the process of distributing project information
in accordance to the communications management plan. The interviews and
shortlisting was carried out during the Acquire Resources
and so will be the
hiring once the approvals come in. However, the profiles submission to the
client will be done through the Manage Communications process. Reference: PMBOK 6th edition, Page 379,
Project Communications Management
Answer-50. D -Explanation - Sunk cost is defined as a cost that has already been incurred
and which cannot be recovered.
Reference: PMBOK 6th edition,
Page 671, Project Integration Management
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